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46 ะฟั€ะธั…ะธะปัŒะฝะธะบะธ(ั–ะฒ)

๐Ÿ“– ๋น„๊ทน, Ch. 2

Sep 02, 2024

ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ ์ด๊ธ€ํ„ด, โŸช๋น„๊ทนโŸซ(Tragedy, 2020)

2. ๊ทผ์นœ์ƒ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์‚ฐ์ˆ (Incest and Arithmetic)

  • ์˜ค์ด๋””ํ‘ธ์Šค์˜ โ€œ์ž์•„์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์ˆ โ€(an unstable arithmetic of the self). โ€œํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์ธ ํ•˜๋‚˜โ€. ์ž๊ธฐ๋™์ผ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ. ์•„๋“ค์ด์ž ๋‚จํŽธ, ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์ด์ž ํ˜•์ œ, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž์ด์ž ์ž…๋ฒ•์ž, ์™•์ด์ž ๊ฑฐ์ง€, ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ด์ž ์ด๋ฐฉ์ธ, ๋…์ด์ž ํ•ด๋…์ œ, ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด์ž ๊ดด๋ฌผ, ์œ ์ฃ„์ด์ž ๋ฌด์ฃ„์ธ ์ž, ๋งน๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋ช…๋ฏผํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑฐ๋ฃฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ €์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ , ๋งˆ์Œ์€ ๋น ๋ฅด๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฐœ์€ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ์ž์ด์ž ํŒ๋… ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ

  • ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ž์ฒด์˜ ์•„์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ. ์˜์‹์  ์ฃผ์ฒด ์ •๋ฆฝ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์ฃผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์›์ดˆ์  ๋ถ„์—ด[Ur-teil]

  • ํ†ต์น˜์ž๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์˜ค์ด๋””ํ‘ธ์Šค. โ€œ๋‚˜์˜ ์‹ฌ์žฅ์€ ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์™€ ๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฑ์„ฑ์˜ ์Šฌํ””์„ ์งŠ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์†Œ.; ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด ๋งˆ์Œ์€ ๋„์‹œ์™€ ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋น„ํƒ„ํ•˜์˜ค.โ€(My heart bears the weight of my own, and yours and all my peopleโ€™s sorrows; But my spirit grieves for the city, for myself and all of you)(โŸช์ฐธ์ฃผ ์˜ค์ด๋””ํ‘ธ์ŠคโŸซ; Robert Fagles, The Three Theban Plays : Antigone, Oedipus the King, Oedipus at Colonus, 64-65)

  • ์•„๋“ค์ด์ž ๋‚จํŽธ, ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์ด์ž ํ˜•์ œ โ€” โ€œ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด์ธ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทผ์นœ์ƒ๊ฐ„์€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๋งคํ˜น์ ์ธ ์•„์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ์ €๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์•„์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์†Œํฌํด๋ ˆ์Šค ๊ฑธ์ž‘์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์กฐ์ง์— ์Šค๋ฉฐ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.โ€

  • ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด์ž ๊ดด๋ฌผ โ€” ๊ดด๋ฌผ์€ โ€œ์ €๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ƒ?โ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹ต์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์กด์žฌ, ์˜ค์ด๋””ํ‘ธ์Šค์™€ ์Šคํ•‘ํฌ์Šค๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ์ ๋Œ€์ž์ด๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฑฐ์šธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€

  • ๊ดด๋ฌผ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ทผ์นœ์ƒ๊ฐ„์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ, ํด๋ฆฌ์ŠคPolis์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ„ํ˜‘, ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์—ด์ •. โŸช์•ˆํ‹ฐ๊ณ ๋„คโŸซ์™€ โŸช์˜ค๋ ˆ์Šคํ…Œ์ด์•„โŸซ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ •์  ์˜์—ญ๊ณผ ์ •์น˜์  ์˜์—ญ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋‹คํˆผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆํ‹ฐ๊ณ ๋„ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ[์‹ ์˜ ๋ฒ•]๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€[์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฒ•]์˜ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝ์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ผ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์ข€ ๋” ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. โ€œ๊ทผ์นœ์ƒ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž์‹์ด ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์™€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ๋งŒThomas Mann์˜ ์†Œ์„ค โŸช์„ ํƒ๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒโŸซ(Der Erwรคhlte)์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ด์ค‘ ๊ทผ์นœ์ƒ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋„ ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.โ€

  • ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž์ด์ž ์ž…๋ฒ•์ž โ€” ์ฐธ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ˜ˆํ†ต์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์Šน๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ถŒ์ขŒ์— ์˜ค๋ฅธ ์ž, ์˜ค์ด๋””ํ‘ธ์Šค์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ •ํ†ต์„ฑ์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๊ดด๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ตฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋ณ„์ข…์˜ ํ”ผ์กฐ๋ฌผ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‘˜์˜ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์  ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ฒด. โ€œํ•˜๋‚˜ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์‹ , ์ธ๊ฐ„, ๊ดด๋ฌผ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์˜ค์ด๋””ํ‘ธ์Šค ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ฃฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ผ์œ„์ผ์ฒด์˜ ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค.โ€

๐ŸŽง https://www.podbean.com/eas/pb-4r9fk-16be1ef

  • โ€œ์•Ž์€ ์–ด์ฐจํ”ผ ๋ถ€์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒโ€(knowledge is unnatural anyway). โ€œ์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง„์งœ ์•Ž์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ ค๋ฉด ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ™•๋ฆฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?โ€ฆ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•Ž๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹คโ€ฆ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ๋™์ผ์ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋™์‹œ์— ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‘˜๋กœ ์ชผ๊ฐœ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ํ–‰๋™ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ์•”๋ฌต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฃผ์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ค.โ€

  • โ€œ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ž๊ธฐ ํ˜„์กด, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์  ์ž๊ธฐ ์ฐฝ์กฐ๋ผ๋Š” ํ—ˆ๊ตฌโ€(the fiction of some total self-presence or absolute self-authoring)

  • ์—๋ฆฌํžˆ ์•„์šฐ์–ด๋ฐ”ํ•˜, ์›์ฃ„๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋…๊ต์˜ ๊ต๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œ์œ ์ „, ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ƒํ™ฉ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ๊ธฐ์งˆ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ํ’€์–ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ง๋ฌผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์›ํžˆ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ๋ง๋ ค ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.โ€

  • โ€œ์˜์ด ์˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹คโ€ฆ ์˜ค์ง ๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋•Œ๋งŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹คโ€(zero is more than zeroโ€ฆ is brought to nothing canโ€ฆ become something)๋Š” ๊ฒƒ โ€” โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?; ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ ๋•Œ ๋น„๋กœ์†Œ ์˜์›…์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด๋ƒ?(Am I made man in the hour that I cease to be?; When I am nothing โ€” then am I a man?โ€(โŸช์ฝœ๋กœ๋…ธ์Šค์˜ ์˜ค์ด๋””ํ‘ธ์ŠคโŸซ, 393)

  • โ€œ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์ด ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์—๋Š” ๋น„์ •์ƒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ์ด ๋‹ด๊ฒจ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ฑ ์ž์ฒด์˜ ๋ณธ์„ฑ์— ๋“ค์–ด๋งž๋Š”๋‹ค.โ€(This beautifully precise piece of art contains an anomaly or indeterminacy at its heart, and as such is true to the nature of humanity itself.)

๐ŸŽง https://www.podbean.com/eas/pb-h9jne-16bfc99

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