Room Fire and Sprinkler Activation Simulation using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)

A room of size 13’ x 11’ x 8’-3” is considered for this study. The room is having one door of size 7’ x 3’ and one window of size 4’ x 3’.

The room door and windows are kept closed. Since most of the buildings except containment buildings for nuclear power plants, real-world construction is not air-tight. Small gaps occur along with windows and doors. As a compartment is pressurized by fire, air will escape through these small gaps. This is referred to as leakage. To incorporate this into the simulation room is modeled as a separate zone and a leak area of 300.0 cm2 is modeled.

No fire protection systems are present inside the room. Initially, the room is simulated as it is, without a sprinkler system. After that, a suitable fire sprinkler of sufficient capacity is installed and the whole simulation is performed again with the sprinkler system installed

Objective:

1. Design a fat growth fire in the above room and plot the design HRR and real HRR from the simulation.

2. Find out the ceiling and floor temperature during a fire.

3. Identify the time of flashover in the room.

4. Design a fast response sprinkler system of sufficient capacity.

5. Install the sprinkler system in the model and compare its effectiveness with respect to HRR, floor and ceiling temperature, flashover, CO concentration, etc.

6. Identify the CO Concentration in the room.

Fire Details:

Fire Surface Area (m2)- 1.485253

Fire HRRPUA (kW/m²)- 1,346.57

Results

HRR without Sprinkler:

HRR with Sprinkler:

Temperature without Sprinkler:

Temperature with Sprinkler:

Flashover without Sprinkler:

Flashover with Sprinkler:

Carbon-monoxide (CO) without Sprinkler:

Carbon-monoxide (CO) with Sprinkler:

Results Comparison