The Role of Nutrition in Brain Function during Aging
This review addresses the Role of Nutrition in Brain Function and the Cognitive Decline during Aging, as well as the KEY Dietary Interventions to improve Cognitive Functions in this stage of Life.
The importance of the Gut-Brain Axis is analyzed in the Summary, including an Amazing Video that shows its functioning, and the recent advances in this research area.
- Aging is considered one of the main Risk Factors for various diseases, especially Neurodegenerative conditions.
- In fact, Aging by itself (regardless of any disease) can lead to structural changes in the Brain regions that Reduce Cerebral Plasticity and Functional Efficiency.
- Numerous studies have suggested that consuming a Diet Rich in Antioxidants and Nutrients with Anti-inflammatory properties, such as those found in colorful vegetables, fish, and fruits, could Reduce Age-related Cognitive Decline and the Risk of Neurodegenerative Diseases.
- The present study aims to review the data linking the role of Diet during Aging and the accompanying Cognitive Decline. The role of Micro- and Macronutrients is analyzed, detailing how the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Nutrition (Diet) are related to Brain Function in general and, more specifically, to the Cognitive Processes during Aging.
- The World Health Organization (WHO), has established that Nutrition is crucial for Physical and Mental Well-being throughout all stages of life, from the Prenatal stage to Old Age.
- Due to the increase in Life Expectancy, Primary Causes of disease (such as Infectious Diseases) are being replaced by Degenerative (Non-communicable) Diseases, typical of Old Age.
- Nutrition represents a critical part of Health and Development, and the correct intake of nutrients contributes to a robust Immune System, Lower Risk of Non-communicable Diseases, and ultimately, an Increase in Longevity.
- Diets like the Mediterranean Diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, and olive oil, are particularly linked to improved Cognitive Health in older populations.
- Aging increases susceptibility to Chronic and Neurodegenerative Conditions, and also is accompanied by Systemic challenges like Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Reduced Metabolic Function, which affect Brain Health.
- Evidence suggests that Nutritive Dietary Choices could influence Neurodegenerative Diseases such as Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's, and other Dementias, through Biochemical and Epigenetic Mechanisms.
Cognition and Aging
- Aging is an inevitable Biological Process that affects the Structure and Function of the Brain. Cellular alterations, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and impaired DNA repair, that occur in Aging, lead to accumulated Neuronal Dysfunction over time, often manifesting as Neurodegenerative Disease.
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